Impact of bhakti movement the bhakti movement became popular among the common masses as its teachings were preached in the form of hymns in various popular languages. Although the preachers of the movement were from different parts of india, spoke different languages and presented different sermons there was a marked similarity in their thoughts and philosophy. Essential features of bhakti movement are as follows. Political factors for the rise of the bhakti movement it has been pointed out that as the popular bhakti movement could not take root.
Key texts in vaishnavism include the vedas, the upanishads, the bhagavad gita, the pancaratra agama texts, divya prabhadam eavand the bhagavata purana. What are the principles of bhakti movement answers. Its origins are traced to the brahamanical and buddhist traditions of ancient india. D, asm, tte, food sub inspector, wb police, gram panchayat, postal assistant, agriculture, court, psc, lic, cmat and all other state level public service commission exams. Features of bhakti movement its proponents preached the unity of the godhead and emphasized that devotion to god and faith in him led to salvation. Pdf bhakti movement and literature k damodar rao and. It performed a subversive, reformatory function that changed the dynamics of worship at religious level and. The virashaivas argued strongly for the equality of all human beings and. Cbse class 12 history revision notes for bhakti sufi. Ramananda is credited as the author of many devotional poems, but like most bhakti movement poets, whether he actually was the author of these poems is unclear. Sufi and bhakti movements in the medieval period, religion provided the frame work of society at the community and state levels. Started in southern india that appealed to many believers because it did not discriminate women or people of low social status. The lords penchant for the path of bhakti is revealed during the exposition to arjuna when he vouches salvation to the true bhakta whom he says is very dear to.
In the later vedic period, worship centred around the trinity. Bhakti movement read about sufism, alwars, nayanars. Salient features of bhakti movement however the bhakti movement was neither organized nor was it centrally controlled by any religious leader. The present paper attempts to give a historiographical critique of the various interpretations of the bhakti movement.
The teachings of all the saints who are associated with the monotheistic movement have certain common features which give the movement its basic unity. The bhakti movements of medieval india differed in many significant respects not only from the older south indian bhakti. Nature of the bhakti movement in india india witnessed a reformation1 period in 14th 15th 16th centuries, which is known as the bhakti movement of india. The bhakti movement in indian history represents a movement that popularized devotional surrender to a personally conceived supreme god. A serial presentation of the bhakti movement s development in india. The concept of bhakti means singleminded devotion to one god. On what grounds has kuznets theory of stages of development been criticized. The bhakti movement medieval history upsc cse youtube. In the religious idiom, it is attachment or fervent devotion.
May 29, 2016 bhakti movement was never a single movement except in the broad doctrinal sense of a movement which laid emphasis on bhakti and religious equality. Try out the html to pdf api the bhakti movement 800 a. When the popularity of the bhakti movement in south india was on the wane, the concept of bhakti was defended at the philosophical level by some gifted vaishnava brahmin scholars acharyas. This movement was lead by saints like kabir, guru nanak, ravidas, dadu dayal and guru ramdas. The bhakti movement brought a lot of changes in the society and the way people perceive things. The object of the devotees adoration is to secure the grace of god for the sake of aslvation. Doha bhakti movement 8th16th century an important landmark in the cultural history of medieval india was the silent revolution in society brought about by a galaxy of socioreligious reformers, a revolution known as the bhakti movement. The basic features of this cult thus had many similarities with those of sufism.
Bhakti movement world history khan academy youtube. What were the essential features of the bhakti movement. A complete list of saints and teachers of the bhakti movement. Devotional paths to the divine y not to be republished. The rise of the arya samaj and the brahmo samaj movements in india in the 19th century was a response to the growing british presence in india and the british challenge to hindu traditions. Mention some features of bhakti movement in northern india. This movement began in karnataka in the midtwelfth century. The bhakti cult discarded the rituals and sacrifices as modes of worship and instend emphasis ed the purity of reart and. Bhakti movement indian history free pdf download doha bhakti movement 8th16th century an important landmark in the cultural history of medieval india was the silent revolution in society brought about by a galaxy of socioreligious reformers, a revolution known as the bhakti movement. Bhakti movement constitutes a very important chapter in the sociocultural history of india. Jul, 2015 it was a complete surrender of oneself to god. Bhakti movement was never a single movement except in the broad doctrinal sense of a movement which laid emphasis on bhakti and religious equality. Bhakti movement generally it is acknowledged that the most trademark highlight of the strict advancement during the medieval period was the development which stressed determined extreme dedication to god.
This lesson discusses the origins, features and phases of the bhakti movement. Their objective was to create liberal socio cultural religious system. As counterculture bhakti movement embraced into its fold all sections of people breaking the barriers of caste, class, gender and region. Sufi and bhakti represented peoples revolt against the ossified practices, in search of, and as an endeavor to bring harmony in life. While discussing the salient features of the bhakti movement in the medieval period, elucidate on its role in the growth of regional languages in india. People in general realized this and were attracted to become a part of this movement. The other tenets of the bhakti cult were purity of heart and honest behaviour. New religious movement new religious movement india. Bhakti, intense love and devotion, the only way to salvation. The tradition is known for the loving devotion to an avatar of vishnu often krishna, and it has been key to the spread of the bhakti movement in south asia in the 2nd millennium ce. May 26, 2017 the bhakti devotional love movement gains momentum during medieval india, highlighting an alternative path for mokshaliberation in hinduism. The alvars and nayanars led some of the earliest bhakti movements c.
Sufism played the most important role in working out the great synthesis. It was in south india that it grew from a religious tradition into a popular movement based on religious equality and broad based. It also laid stress on equality of all human beings and universal brotherhood. They suggest bhakti movement was a revival, reworking and recontextualisation of ancient vedic traditions. What are the characteristics of bhakti and sufi movements. Bhakti movement bhakti movement in india and punjabby arun joshi, 9888933043, sri krishna institute, jalandhar an important landmark in the cultural history of medieval india was the silent revolution in society brought about by a galaxy of socioreligious reformers, a revolution known as the bhakti movement. People made all kinds of offerings to the godindra, agni, varuna etc. Sufism and bhakti movement pdf its impact on indian culture. Most of the monotheists belonged to the low castes and were aware that there lived a unity of ideas among themselves.
The bhakti movement originated in the seventhcentury in tamil, south india now parts of tamil nadu and kerala, and spread northwards. Sep 04, 2018 find out the list of saints and teachers of the bhakti movement,which is very useful for the competitive examinations like upscprelims, ssc, state services, nda, cds, and railways etc. At a different level, historians of religion often classify bhakti traditions into two broad categories. Discuss with reference to any poet that you have studied. The bhakti movement began with the aim of reforming hinduism. There was integration of cults composition, compilation and presentation of puranic texts in. Unity of god or one god though known by different names. Ii nature of the bhakti movement in india india witnessed a reformation1 period in 14th 15th 16th centuries, which is known as the bhakti movement of india. Bhakti saints fought with the existing threats and evils in the society.
According to the bhagavadgita, a hindu religious text, the path of bhakti, or bhakti marga, is superior to the two. This helped greatly in checking the growth of islam in india. Second, the bhakti movement was propagated through simple dohas, bhajans and kirtans, which were easily understood and appreciated by. This in turn led to a reaction that is best represented in the virashaiva movement initiated by basavanna and his companions like allama prabhu and akkamahadevi. Exploring the bhakti movement, literature and iconography. Download fulltext pdf the bhakti movement in india. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of art forms, literature and architecture from ancient to modern times 1. The bhakti movement paved the way for simple and easy means to worship god. The bhakti movement became popular among the common masses as its teachings were preached in the form of hymns in various popular languages. Dec 02, 2017 the bhakti movement brought a lot of changes in the society and the way people perceive things. The word bhakti is a very familiar word in the hindu religious system. The innate potential of hinduism produced these mystics and saints, philosophers and poets, to inspire people through their godintoxicated lives and to teach the people to cast aside the heavy. Jan 09, 2020 what do you understand by the bhakti movement. It placed less emphasis on strict adherence to traditional rituals and beliefs and appealed to many people.
The liberal and unorthodox features of sufism had a profound influence on medieval bhakti saints. We have already posted about the major kingdoms and tribals societies in medieval india. Emergence of the bhakti movement the bhakti movement which influenced large number of people during 14th17th centuries in north india appeared due to a number of political, socioeconomic and religious factors. The bhakti movements of 14 th16 th century represented one such phase of revitalisation and reformation of indian culture. Bhakti movement is a part of ncert medieval indian history. The movement which emphasized primarily these ideas was the bhakti movementdevotion to god. Download pdf for free class 12 history quick revision notes chapter 6 bhakti su. The former included traditions that focused on the worship of specific deities such as shiva, vishnu and his avatars incarnations and. While discussing the salient features of the bhakti. In summarizing the relationship of the early bhakti movement saints and the common threads of their siddhanta and preaching practices, we have focused primarily on the bhakti cults progression through central and north india. Both the movements were based on the fact that god was supreme, all men were equal for him and bhakti or devotion to him was the way to achieve salvation. Postmodern scholars question this traditional view and whether the bhakti movement ever was a reform or rebellion of any kind. Nature and significance of bhakti movements telangana.
As a social movement, the bhakti movement in karnataka, and indeed everywhere in india, challenged caste hierarchy, emphasized the individuals direct connection to god and the possibility of. Bhakti movement in medieval india is responsible for the many rites and rituals associated with the worship of god by hindus, muslims and sikhs of indian subcontinent. A critical introduction article pdf available in journal of asian and african studies 1512. Brahminism vs buddhismjainism vs devotional paths bhakitsm, sufism, and sikhism brahminism based on castesystem was prominent during the medieval period. These movements paved the way for other nrms, including ramakrishnas vedanta movement, which sought to make vedanta philosophy and practice.
The bhakti movements of medieval india differed in many significant respects not only from the older south indian bhakti custom but also among themselves. Second, the bhakti movement was propagated through simple dohas, bhajans and kirtans, which were easily understood and appreciated by the people. It was the orientalist who first started looking into this movement. According to the bhagavadgita, a hindu religious text, the path of bhakti, or bhaktimarga, is superior to the two. In ancient period, a reformation movement was seen in the time of upanishads and in 6thcentury. Brief notes on the rise of bhakti movements in india. The lords penchant for the path of bhakti is revealed during the exposition to arjuna when he vouches salvation to. The medieval period is considered as an age of great cultural synthesis in india and during. An important landmark in the cultural history of medieval india was the silent revolution in society brought about by galaxy of socio religious reformer, a revolution known as the bhakti movement.
Try out the html to pdf api a dargah by muslims, and singing of gurbani at a gurdwara are all derived from the bhakti movement of medieval india 8001700. Usually it is accepted that the most characteristic feature of the religious development during the medieval period was the movement which emphasized singleminded intense devotion to god. Bhakti movement list of bhakti movement saints medieval. The state allowed intellectual activity to grow, to begin with, but later curtailed it for reasons of state policy, even though confined to discrete groups and made subject of philosophical reasoning and. In this post lets see in detail the devotional paths followed by people during the medieval period bhakitsm, sufism, and sikhism. The bhakti movement by nandini maharaj unacademy plus. Pdf the bhakti movement a historiographical critique. Bhakti movement some important points for prelims the seeds of bhakti can be seen in the vedic period. This movement was responsible for many rites and rituals associated with the worship of god by hindus. The word bhakti is derived from bhakta meaning to serve, honour, revere, love and adore. Traditions key concepts in nutshell from eighth to eighteenth century striking features was a visibility of wide range of gods and goddesses in sculpture and texts.